Solar MEMbrane distillation for the valorization of residual BRINEs (MEMBRINE).

The MEMBRINE project aims to develop, validate, and optimize the techno-economic performance of an advanced commercial-scale V-AGMD (Vacuum Air Gap Membrane Distillation) operation powered by solar thermal energy, for the concentration and valorization of brines discharged by industry, within a circular economy framework.

This process is presented as a sustainable solution to address water scarcity and the environmental problems caused by the improper discharge of industrial brines into the sea or inland wells, which contaminate aquifers. In addition to water, these waste brines contain mineral salts and high-value metals that can be recovered in subsequent operations.

V-AGMD is therefore a critical step in the context of Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD), enabling further recovery of key solid materials—including those listed in the European Commission’s Critical Raw Materials List.